Inland Revenue 1

2 July 1997

WINDFALL TAX

The Chancellor today announced the introduction of the
proposed windfall tax on the excess profits of the privatised
utilities. The one-off tax will apply to companies privatised
by flotation and regulated by statute. The tax will be charged
at a rate of 23 per cent on the difference between company
value, calculated by reference to profits over a period of up
to four years following privatisation, and the value placed on
the company at the time of flotation. The expected yield is
around 5.2 billion Pounds.
 

DETAILS

Companies affected

   1.The tax will apply to companies privatised by flotation
and regulated (or with a subsidiary regulated) by relevant
privatising statutes.  These are the Telecommunications Act
1984, the Airports Act 1986, the Gas Act 1986, the Water Act
1989, the Electricity Act 1989 (and the Electricity (Northern
Ireland) Order 1992) and the Railways Act 1993.  The tax will
be charged on the floated companies.   

How the tax is calculated

   2.The taxable amount will be the difference between company 
value, calculated by reference to average annual profits over
a period of up to four years following privatisation, and the
value placed on the company at the time of flotation.

   3.Company value will be calculated by multiplying average
annual profits after tax over the period by a price/earnings
ratio of 9.  The value placed on the company at the time of
flotation will be calculated by multiplying the ordinary share
capital of the company at flotation by the price at which
shares were offered to the financial institutions at
flotation.     

   4.Profits after tax figures will be derived from accounts
drawn up under the rules set out in the Companies Act 1985. 
Where consolidated accounts are drawn up figures from those
accounts will be used. The price/earnings ratio of 9
approximates to the lowest average price/earnings ratio of the
taxpaying companies during the relevant periods, grouped by
sector.


   5.The period will be the first four financial years of the
company beginning after flotation and ending before 1 April
1997.  Where flotation took place too recently for four
financial years to be completed, the period will cover
financial years ending after flotation and before 1 April
1997.  Where a financial year straddles flotation only the
profits of the part of the year following flotation will be 
taken into account, on a time apportioned basis.  

   6.The charge to tax will arise on Budget day and the rate
will be 23 per cent.       

   7.Where 85 per cent or less of the ordinary share capital
of a company was offered for sale at the flotation of the
company only the appropriate proportion of both 

- company value by reference to the average profits after tax,
- and the value placed on the company at the time of flotation, 

will be taken into account in calculating the taxable amount.
The appropriate proportion will be that which the shares
offered for sale at flotation bear to the ordinary share
capital of the company at that time. 

   8.There will also be rules to allocate the tax liability
between companies which have demerged under statutory schemes. 
The allocation will be on the basis of the respective market
capitalisations of the companies at the time of the demerger.

   9.The tax will not be deductible in computing a company's
liability to corporation tax and it will not be possible for a
company to set advance corporation tax against liability to
windfall tax.

Administration of the tax

  10.The tax will be centrally administered by the Inland
Revenue.

 11. The tax will be payable in two equal instalments on or
before 1 December 1997 and 1 December 1998. Interest will be
payable on tax paid late and on repayments of overpaid tax.

  12.Each company liable to windfall tax will be required to
make a return to the Inland Revenue, including a computation
of its liability, by 1 December 1997 (the date when the first
instalment of the tax is due).  If not issued with a return a 
chargeable company must notify the Inland Revenue of its
liability to the tax by that date.

  13.Assessments to windfall tax will be made by the Inland
Revenue.  Where the amount of the liability is disputed there
will be a right of appeal to the Special Commissioners.  

  14.Penalties will be charged where companies fail to comply
with their obligations to notify liability or make a return,
or where they make a return or supply information which is
incorrect.

15.     Where a company fails to pay the tax the Inland
Revenue will be able to recover the tax from other companies
in the same group as the defaulting company.


Profit Related Pay

16.     The rules relating to the calculation of profits for
the purposes of profit related pay (PRP) will be amended to
take account of the windfall tax with effect for all profit
periods ending on or after today.  This will enable the
companies concerned, if they choose to do so, to calculate
their employees' PRP on their profits before deducting
windfall tax.     


NOTES FOR EDITORS

   1.The companies falling within the scope of the windfall
tax are BAA, British Energy, British Gas (now BG plc and
Centrica), British Telecom, National Power, Northern Ireland
Electricity, Powergen, Scottish Hydro, Scottish Power and 
Railtrack, the regional electricity companies and the
privatised water and sewerage companies (including such
companies now forming part of Hyder, United Utilities and
Scottish Power).

   2.A separate press release "Welfare to Work" covering the
windfall tax, and the programme which it will fund, is being
issued today by HM Treasury.

Press enquiries to: 0171 438 6692/6706/7327