HM Customs and Excise 17
                                                       17 March 1998

_____________________________________________________________________

FUEL DUTIES INCREASED TO IMPROVE URBAN AIR QUALITY AND REDUCE 
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 


The Chancellor has announced that from 6pm tonight the tax (duty plus 
VAT ) on road fuels will increase in line with the Government’s commitment
to raise road fuel duties by at least 6 per cent a year above inflation.
The increases in this Budget will discourage unnecessary journeys and
encourage fuel efficient vehicles.  They are expected to produce carbon 
savings of about one million tonnes per year by 2001. Additionally, 
bringing forward the escalator increases to March each year should produce 
further carbon savings of 0.7 million tonnes per year.

The Chancellor also announced today his intention to change the structure 
of taxes on road fuels over time to improve the quality of air in urban 
areas, through two broad objectives:

  to tax petrol and diesel more fairly, based on the energy and carbon 
content.  This means that the tax on a litre of diesel should be higher 
than that on petrol.

  to encourage all users of diesel to switch to ultra low sulphur diesel, 
a significantly cleaner fuel.

As a first step to achieving these objectives, the tax (duty plus VAT) on 
leaded and unleaded petrol will rise by 4.9p a litre and 4.4p a litre 
respectively.  Ordinary diesel will go up by 5.5p a litre. The difference 
in duty between leaded and super-unleaded petrol has been cut from 1.5p a 
litre to 0.5p a litre and the duty on leaded petrol has been increased by 
almost 0.5p a litre more than that on unleaded.

The difference in duty between diesel and ultra low sulphur diesel is being 
increased from 1p to 2p.  At the same time, the specification of ultra low 
sulphur diesel is being tightened to ensure that this fuel continues to 
offer significant improvements in urban air quality.

The duty on road fuel gases - which offer environmental benefits over petrol 
and diesel - is frozen again.  This move complements the change to the company 
car tax regime to ignore the cost of conversion to gas and will further 
encourage gas powered vehicles.

_______________________________________________________________________             

DETAILS

The duty rates are as follows:

                          Old rate    New rate  Increase     Increase
                          (pence)     (pence)    (pence)    (per cent)

Leaded petrol  per litre  45.10       49.26     4.9 inc. VAT     9.2
               per gallon 205.03      223.94   22.2 inc. VAT     9.2

Unleaded       per litre  40.28       43.99     4.4 inc. VAT     9.2
petrol         per gallon 183.12     199.98    19.8 inc. VAT     9.2

Super-unleaded per litre   43.60      48.76     6.1 inc. VAT    11.8 
petrol         per gallon 198.21     221.67    27.6 inc. VAT    11.8

Conventional   per litre   40.28     44.99      5.5 inc. VAT    11.7
Diesel         per gallon 183.12    204.53     25.2 inc. VAT    11.7

Ultra low      per litre   39.28     42.99      4.4 inc. VAT     9.4
sulphur Diesel per gallon  178.57   195.44     19.8 inc. VAT     9.4

Gas oil        per litre    2.58      2.82      0.2 exc. VAT     9.3
               per gallon  11.73     12.82      1.1 exc. VAT     9.3

Fuel oil       per litre    2.00      2.18      0.2 exc. VAT     9.0
               per gallon   9.09      9.91      0.8 exc. VAT     9.0

AVGAS          per litre   22.55     24.63      2.4 inc. VAT     9.2
               per gallon 102.51    111.97     11.1 inc. VAT     9.2

Road fuel gas  per kg      21.13     21.13        0              0

___________________________________________________________________

NOTES FOR EDITORS

1.	The continuing commitment to a 6 per cent increase for road 
fuels is part of the Government’s policy to reduce emissions of 
greenhouse gases, and recognises the environmental and other costs 
attached to road use. Road traffic is the fastest growing source of 
carbon dioxide emissions which cause climate change.

2.	Conventional diesel has a greater energy and carbon content 
relative to petrol. The higher duty increase for diesel is partially 
to offset this advantage, and also reflects the fact that using diesel 
is worse than petrol for urban air quality.  Burning diesel produces 
more particulates (small particles of black smoke and other pollutants) 
and nitrous oxide emissions than petrol (both components of the National 
Air Quality  Strategy). Similarly, the duty rate on superunleaded petrol 
has been increased by more than unleaded to reflect the adverse effects 
of benzene, a known carcinogen. The leaded rate has also been increased 
by more than unleaded to reflect the harmful emissions arising from 
leaded petrol.

3.	The preferential duty rate for ultra low sulphur diesel was 
introduced on 15 August last year at 1 pence less per litre than 
conventional diesel. This differential has now been increased to 2 pence 
per litre to further encourage manufacture and use of this cleaner fuel. 
ULSD produces lower levels of particulates than conventional diesel To 
ensure the environmental benefits, the specification for the lower duty 
rate has been extended to include additional criteria related to density 
and distillation.

4.	The increase in duty on gas oil and fuel oil is in line with 
the increases on road fuels. The duty on road fuel gases (liquefied 
petroleum gas and compressed natural gas), has again been frozen due 
to the environmental benefits these gases offer over diesel and to a 
lesser extent, petrol. The widened duty differential with conventional 
diesel offers a clear incentive for high mileage fleets, vans and 
buses to convert  to cleaner gas power and will help to offset the cost 
to motorists of vehicle conversion. In addition, conversion costs will 
not be taken into account when calculating income tax on car benefit 
charges (see Inland Revenue Press Notice 6).

5.	The combined revenue effect of these duty increases on an 
indexed basis is additional yields of 1265 million pounds in 1998/99, 
1410 million pounds in 1999/2000 and 1640 million pounds in 2000/01 on 
an indexed base, and 1670 million pounds on a non-indexed base in 
1998/99.  The impact of these changes on RPI is estimated to be 
+0.28 per cent.

6.	Details for traders are available in Budget Notice BN 85/98.

___________________________________________________________________

Press enquiries only to HM Customs and Excise, Public Relations Office, 
New King's Beam House, 22 Upper Ground, London, SE1 9PJ. 
Telephone:  0171 865 5468/5471

Others should contact their local Excise and Inland Customs Business Advice 
Centre, listed under Customs and Excise in the telephone book.

Customs and Excise Internet address: 
http://www.open.gov.uk/customs/c&ehome.htm

This news release can also be found at :
http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk. Other Treasury material can also be found at 
this address.