HM TREASURY                        FINANCE BILL 1997
                                             NEW CLAUSE 3
          
          
          EXPLANATORY NOTE
          
          NEW CLAUSE 3: EX-DIVIDEND ARRANGEMENTS FOR GILT-EDGED SECURITIES
          
                            SUMMARY
                                 
          1.   This clause enables changes to be made to the
          arrangements for paying dividends on gilt-edged
          securities.
          2.   The Bank of England currently have discretion to
          strike the balance on their Register for the purpose
          of paying dividends on a day before the actual
          payment. The day must be the same for all investors
          for a given stock. This clause provides for an order
          made by the Treasury to prescribe more flexible
          conditions.
          
          DETAILS OF THE CLAUSE
          3.     Subsection 1 substitutes a new section 2 in the
          National Debt (Stockholders Relief) Act 1892. In
          particular it provides for the Bank of England to
          strike the balance on different days for different
          holdings of the same stock according to criteria laid
          down in an order made by the Treasury. It reduces the
          maximum limit on striking the balance from 37 calendar
          to 10 business days before payment date and  allows a
          shorter maximum to be specificied by order. 
          4.   Subsection 2 provides that the new section 2 will
          apply for the purpose of making dividend payments
          payable after the day the Act receives Royal Assent.
          
          BACKGROUND
          5.     Currently, dividends are paid to the person
          recorded as holding the stock on the Bank of England's
          register on a day (the striking date) before the
          prescribed payment date. It has been necessary to
          strike the balance on the Bank's register for dividend
          payments in this way to allow time for the preparation
          and despatch of dividends so that payment reaches
          investors on the prescribed payment date. Current
          practice is for this day to be close of business five
          working days before the payment date. Legislation
          gives the Bank the discretion to do this (see above). 
          6.   In practice the ex-dividend period starts two
          days before the striking date to allow necessary time
          to ensure transfers of stock are recorded on the
          Bank's register. During the ex-dividend period the
          stock is said to trade "ex-div" as purchasers do not
          acquire the right to the next dividend. The ex-dividend 
          arrangements are an undesirable feature of
          the gilts market and are not in line with
          international best practice and may be a disincentive
          to international investor interest in gilts.
          7.   The Treasury and the Bank of England are
          considering making improvements to the ex-dividend
          period. In January 1996 it was reduced from 37
          calendar to 7 working days (it remains at 10 days for
          3½% War Loan because of the large number of holders).
          Systems developments in settlement and registration
          processes opens up the possibility of abolishing the
          ex-dividend period for gilts held in dematerialised
          form - that is on the Central Gilts Office (CGO - the
          computerised settlement system for gilts).  However,
          for holders of gilts in certificated form or on the
          National Savings Stock Register (NSSR) it will
          continue to be necessary for there to be an ex-dividend
          period to allow time for registration of
          transactions and physically paying dividends.
          8.   [The effect of this disparity would be that
          investors still covered by an ex-dividend period would
          not be able to settle trades in a stock bought or sold
          during its ex-dividend period until the end of the
          period. They would have to trade forward for
          settlement between 1 and 7 days in the future rather
          than automatic next day settlement. As a result they
          would receive the proceeds of a sale or their
          certificate from a purchase a few days later than is
          currently the case. This would only be true where a
          transaction was undertaken during the ex-dividend
          period (7 days out of every six months).  Furthermore,
          if these investors did not want to face this
          inconvenience they could chose to hold their gilts in
          dematerialised form through nominee accounts or
          sponsored membership facilities in the Central Gilts
          Office (CGO).] 
          9.   The Bank are consulting the market on these
          proposals. A final decision awaits the outcome of the
          consultation process. The purpose of the current
          clause is to enable the Treasury to bring forward the
          necessary legislative requirements in secondary
          legislation if a decision to implement is taken.